linux cpu占用率如何看
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2022-10-17
Docker入门
Docker入门
一、容器介绍
容器的本质是进程。容器就是未来云计算系统中的进程；容器镜像就是这个系统里的".exe"安装包。Kubernetes 就是操作系统！
二、Docker VS 传统
部署模式区别：
传统的部署模式： 安装(包管理工具或者源码包编译)->配置->运行Docker部署模式： 复制->运行
容器和虚拟机区别：
容器提供了基于进程的隔离，而虚拟机提供了资源的完全隔离。虚拟机可能需要一分钟来启动，而容器只需要一秒钟或更短。容器使用宿主操作系统的内核，而虚拟机使用独立的内核容器只是一个进程，而虚拟机不是
三、Docker安装
通过yum原直接安装最新的docker-ce
[root@jxatei ~]# wget ~]# mv docker-ce.repo /etc/yum.repos.d[root@jxatei ~]# yum install -y docker-ce[root@jxatei ~]# systemctl start docker[root@jxatei ~]# systemctl status docker[root@docker /etc/docker]# docker -vDocker version 20.10.17, build 100c701[root@jxatei ~]# docker versionClient: Docker Engine - Community Version: 20.10.17 API version: 1.41 Go version: go1.17.11 Git commit: 100c701 Built: Mon Jun 6 23:05:12 2022 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Context: default Experimental: trueServer: Docker Engine - Community Engine: Version: 20.10.17 API version: 1.41 (minimum version 1.12) Go version: go1.17.11 Git commit: a89b842 Built: Mon Jun 6 23:03:33 2022 OS/Arch: linux/amd64 Experimental: false containerd: Version: 1.6.6 GitCommit: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1 runc: Version: 1.1.2 GitCommit: v1.1.2-0-ga916309 docker-init: Version: 0.19.0 GitCommit: de40ad0 [root@jxatei ~]# docker pull nginx [root@jxatei ~]# docker pull daocloud.io/library/nginx #使用国内境像 [root@jxatei ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEbusybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MB192.168.245.136:5000/busybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MBdaocloud.io/library/registry latest ee34aa9d8ab2 16 months ago 26.2MBdaocloud.io/library/nginx latest 298ec0e28760 17 months ago 133MBuifd/ui-for-docker latest 965940f98fa5 5 years ago 8.1MB[root@jxatei ~]# docker run -itd --name "testnginx" -p 80:80 298e89f0b204ebb163337a6607bde80b87bdd2d8ba1e952e7d3d2a9e739ee6527a15[root@jxatei ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES89f0b204ebb1 298e "/docker-entrypoint.…" About a minute ago Up About a minute 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp testnginx73313e2522ce daocloud.io/library/registry "/entrypoint.sh /etc…" 6 hours ago Up 19 minutes 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp, :::5000->5000/tcp pri_registry[root@jxatei ~]# curl 127.0.0.1
Welcome to nginx!
If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed andworking. Further configuration is required.
For online documentation and support please refer to
[root@docker /etc/docker]# docker infoClient: Context: default Debug Mode: false Plugins: app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3) buildx: Docker Buildx (Docker Inc., v0.8.2-docker) scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.17.0)Server: Containers: 3 Running: 1 Paused: 0 Stopped: 2 Images: 4 Server Version: 20.10.17 Storage Driver: overlay2 Backing Filesystem: xfs Supports d_type: true Native Overlay Diff: true userxattr: false Logging Driver: json-file Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs Cgroup Version: 1 Plugins: Volume: local Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay Log: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslog Swarm: inactive Runtimes: io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linux runc Default Runtime: runc Init Binary: docker-init containerd version: 10c12954828e7c7c9b6e0ea9b0c02b01407d3ae1 runc version: v1.1.2-0-ga916309 init version: de40ad0 Security Options: seccomp Profile: default Kernel Version: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) OSType: linux Architecture: x86_64 CPUs: 2 Total Memory: 976.3MiB Name: docker ID: 6LTM:FX3F:PYDG:TGAA:7A3G:J2DP:HNDQ:JFUF:4PES:5K3O:JAYQ:KXSN Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker Debug Mode: false Registry: Labels: Experimental: false Insecure Registries: 127.0.0.0/8 Registry Mirrors: Live Restore Enabled: false三、配置加速器
[root@docker /etc/docker]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'> {> "registry-mirrors": ["}> EOF{ "registry-mirrors": ["/etc/docker]# systemctl daemon-reload[root@docker /etc/docker]# systemctl restart docker
四、镜像管理
[root@docker /]# docker search centosNAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATEDcentos The official build of CentOS. 7265 [OK] kasmweb/centos-7-desktop CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces 22 continuumio/centos5_gcc5_base 3 dokken/centos-7 CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken 2 dokken/centos-stream-9 1 couchbase/centos7-systemd centos7-systemd images with additional debug… 1 [OK]spack/centos7 CentOS 7 with Spack preinstalled 1 dokken/centos-stream-8 0 dokken/centos-6 CentOS 6 image for kitchen-dokken 0 dokken/centos-8 CentOS 8 image for kitchen-dokken 0 spack/centos6 CentOS 6 with Spack preinstalled 0 datadog/centos-i386 0 bitnami/centos-extras-base 0 corpusops/centos centos corpusops baseimage 0 couchbase/centos-72-java-sdk 0 couchbase/centos-72-jenkins-core 0 bitnami/centos-base-buildpack Centos base compilation image 0 [OK]couchbase/centos-69-sdk-nodevtoolset-build 0 fnndsc/centos-python3 Source for a slim Centos-based Python3 image… 0 [OK]couchbase/centos-69-sdk-build 0 couchbase/centos-70-sdk-build 0 spack/centos-stream 0 galaxy/centos-wheel 0 galaxy/centos32-wheel 0 galaxy/centos32 [root@docker /]# docker pull centos[root@docker /]# docker image listREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE192.168.245.136:5000/busybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MBbusybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MBcentos latest 5d0da3dc9764 10 months ago 231MBdaocloud.io/library/registry latest ee34aa9d8ab2 16 months ago 26.2MBdaocloud.io/library/nginx latest 298ec0e28760 17 months ago 133MBuifd/ui-for-docker latest 965940f98fa5 5 years ago 8.1MB[root@docker /]# docker image inspect 5d0[ { "Id": "sha256:5d0da3dc976460b72c77d94c8a1ad043720b0416bfc16c52c45d4847e53fadb6", "RepoTags": [ "centos:latest" ], "RepoDigests": [ "centos@sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177" ], "Parent": "", "Comment": "", "Created": "2021-09-15T18:20:05.184694267Z", "Container": "9bf8a9e2ddff4c0d76a587c40239679f29c863a967f23abf7a5babb6c2121bf1", "ContainerConfig": { "Hostname": "9bf8a9e2ddff", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/sh", "-c", "#(nop) ", "CMD [\"/bin/bash\"]" ], "Image": "sha256:f5b050f177fd426be8fe998a8ecf3fb1858d7e26dff4080b29a327d1bd5ba422", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": { "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915", "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2", "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image", "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0", "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS" } }, "DockerVersion": "20.10.7", "Author": "", "Config": { "Hostname": "", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin" ], "Cmd": [ "/bin/bash" ], "Image": "sha256:f5b050f177fd426be8fe998a8ecf3fb1858d7e26dff4080b29a327d1bd5ba422", "Volumes": null, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": null, "OnBuild": null, "Labels": { "org.label-schema.build-date": "20210915", "org.label-schema.license": "GPLv2", "org.label-schema.name": "CentOS Base Image", "org.label-schema.schema-version": "1.0", "org.label-schema.vendor": "CentOS" } }, "Architecture": "amd64", "Os": "linux", "Size": 231268856, "VirtualSize": 231268856, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/17de25d74046cb016cf74fdd695bdb1bedf3161adbe312f641674a03c4f8d2e5/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/17de25d74046cb016cf74fdd695bdb1bedf3161adbe312f641674a03c4f8d2e5/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/17de25d74046cb016cf74fdd695bdb1bedf3161adbe312f641674a03c4f8d2e5/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, "RootFS": { "Type": "layers", "Layers": [ "sha256:74ddd0ec08fa43d09f32636ba91a0a3053b02cb4627c35051aff89f853606b59" ] }, "Metadata": { "LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z" } }][root@docker /]# docker images -q7a80323521cc7a80323521cc5d0da3dc9764ee34aa9d8ab2298ec0e28760965940f98fa5#删除镜像[root@qfedu.com ~]# docker rmi daocloud.io/library/mysql#如果镜像正在被使用，可用--force强制删除 [root@qfedu.com ~]# docker rmi docker.io/ubuntu:latest --force#删除所有镜像[root@qfedu.com ~]# docker rmi $(docker images -q)#给镜像打tag[root@docker /]# docker tag daocloud.io/library/nginx daocloud.io/nginx:v1 [root@docker /]# docker image listREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE192.168.245.136:5000/busybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MBbusybox latest 7a80323521cc 2 days ago 1.24MBcentos latest 5d0da3dc9764 10 months ago 231MBdaocloud.io/library/registry latest ee34aa9d8ab2 16 months ago 26.2MBdaocloud.io/library/nginx latest 298ec0e28760 17 months ago 133MBdaocloud.io/nginx v1 298ec0e28760 17 months ago 133MBuifd/ui-for-docker latest 965940f98fa5 5 years ago 8.1MB
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