G021-CON-CKA-DOC-01 急速入门，构建你的第一个 docker 学习环境

G021-CON-CKA-DOC-01 急速入门，构建你的第一个 docker 学习环境

1 您需要了解

2 环境配置

2.1 配置在线YUM源

[root@cloudcs ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core) [root@cloudcs ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/ CentOS-Base.repo epel.repo kubernetes.repo

2.1.1 CentOS 基础源

将以下内容拷贝并粘贴至 /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo 文件

[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.8.2003/os/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #released updates [updates] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.8.2003/updates/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.8.2003/extras/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.8.2003/centosplus/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos-vault/7.8.2003/contrib/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ # http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=Epel 拓展源

将以下内容拷贝并粘贴至 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo 文件

[epel] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch failovermethod=priority enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 [epel-debuginfo] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Debug baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/$basearch/debug failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0 [epel-source] name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - $basearch - Source baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7/SRPMS failovermethod=priority enabled=0 gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7 gpgcheck=0

2.1.3 Kubernetes源

将以下内容拷贝并粘贴至 /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo 文件

[kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=显示可用仓库

[root@cloudcs ~]# yum repolist all Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 centosplus | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.7 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 kubernetes | 1.4 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/9): epel/x86_64/group_gz | 96 kB 00:00:00 (2/9): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00 (3/9): base/x86_64/group_gz | 153 kB 00:00:00 (4/9): extras/x86_64/primary_db | 206 kB 00:00:00 (5/9): kubernetes/primary | 108 kB 00:00:00 (6/9): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 7.0 MB 00:00:00 (7/9): centosplus/x86_64/primary_db | 2.3 MB 00:00:00 (8/9): updates/x86_64/primary_db | 4.5 MB 00:00:00 (9/9): base/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:02 kubernetes 797/797 repo id repo name status base/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com enabled: 10,070 centosplus/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com enabled: 69 contrib/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com disabled epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 enabled: 13,756 epel-debuginfo/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Debug disabled epel-source Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 - Source disabled extras/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com enabled: 413 kubernetes Kubernetes enabled: 797 updates/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com enabled: 1,134 repolist: 26,239

2.2 安装启动 Docker

[root@cloudcs ~]# yum install -y docker [root@cloudcs ~]# systemctl enable docker --now Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

2.3 （可选）命令自动补全

如果系统为最小化安装（minimal），可执行以下操作实现命令自动补全

[root@cloudcs ~]# yum install bash-completion [root@cloudcs ~]# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion

2.4 （可选）配置加速功能

注意：默认从 docker 官方镜像库拉取镜像，速度有些慢，可配置加速功能提升下载速度。以阿里云为例，在容器镜像服务 - 镜像加速 - CentOS 获取链接。

配置加速

[root@cloudcs ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json [root@cloudcs ~]# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json { "registry-mirrors": ["https://cc2d8woc.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] }

重启服务

[root@cloudcs ~]# systemctl restart docker

3 基础操作

镜像是风儿，容器是沙，缠缠绵绵到天涯。没有风，沙飞不起来；没有镜像，容器跑不起来。所以先了解镜像，再操作容器。

3.1 镜像操作

3.1.1 镜像下载

使用 pull 关键字进行镜像的拉取。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker pull mysql Using default tag: latest Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mysql ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/mysql 72a69066d2fe: Pull complete 93619dbc5b36: Pull complete 99da31dd6142: Pull complete 626033c43d70: Pull complete 37d5d7efb64e: Pull complete ac563158d721: Pull complete d2ba16033dad: Pull complete 688ba7d5c01a: Pull complete 00e060b6d11d: Pull complete 1c04857f594f: Pull complete 4d7cfa90e6ea: Pull complete e0431212d27d: Pull complete Digest: sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709 Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mysql:latest

3.1.2 镜像查询

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/mysql latest 3218b38490ce 4 months ago 516 MB

3.1.3 镜像重命名

使用 tag 关键字进行重命名操作，查询镜像会显示两个条目，它们的 Image ID 是一样的，都指向同一底层块数据。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker tag docker.io/mysql mysql [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/mysql latest 3218b38490ce 4 months ago 516 MB mysql latest 3218b38490ce 4 months ago 516 MB

注意：镜像在重命名的时候，原镜像名末尾需要带上版本TAG，latest 是镜像默认的最后一个版本TAG，可省略。完整的写法如下。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker tag docker.io/mysql:latest mysql

3.1.4 镜像删除

使用 rmi 关键字删除一个或多个镜像，因同一个镜像有两个别名，这里只删除了其中一个，镜像依然存在。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rmi docker.io/mysql Untagged: docker.io/mysql:latest Untagged: docker.io/mysql@sha256:e9027fe4d91c0153429607251656806cc784e914937271037f7738bd5b8e7709 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB

再次执行删除，将彻底从底层删除镜像。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rmi mysql Untagged: mysql:latest Deleted: sha256:3218b38490cec8d31976a40b92e09d61377359eab878db49f025e5d464367f3b Deleted: sha256:aa81ca46575069829fe1b3c654d9e8feb43b4373932159fe2cad1ac13524a2f5 Deleted: sha256:0558823b9fbe967ea6d7174999be3cc9250b3423036370dc1a6888168cbd224d Deleted: sha256:a46013db1d31231a0e1bac7eeda5ad4786dea0b1773927b45f92ea352a6d7ff9 Deleted: sha256:af161a47bb22852e9e3caf39f1dcd590b64bb8fae54315f9c2e7dc35b025e4e3 Deleted: sha256:feff1495e6982a7e91edc59b96ea74fd80e03674d92c7ec8a502b417268822ff Deleted: sha256:8805862fcb6ef9deb32d4218e9e6377f35fb351a8be7abafdf1da358b2b287ba Deleted: sha256:872d2f24c4c64a6795e86958fde075a273c35c82815f0a5025cce41edfef50c7 Deleted: sha256:6fdb3143b79e1be7181d32748dd9d4a845056dfe16ee4c827410e0edef5ad3da Deleted: sha256:b0527c827c82a8f8f37f706fcb86c420819bb7d707a8de7b664b9ca491c96838 Deleted: sha256:75147f61f29796d6528486d8b1f9fb5d122709ea35620f8ffcea0e0ad2ab0cd0 Deleted: sha256:2938c71ddf01643685879bf182b626f0a53b1356138ef73c40496182e84548aa Deleted: sha256:ad6b69b549193f81b039a1d478bc896f6e460c77c1849a4374ab95f9a3d2cea2 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

3.1.5 镜像保存（导出）

下载镜像

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker pull mysql [root@cloudcs ~]# docker pull centos

查看镜像

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE docker.io/mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB docker.io/centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 8 months ago 231 MB

重命名镜像

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker tag docker.io/mysql mysql [root@cloudcs ~]# docker tag docker.io/centos centos [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB docker.io/mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 8 months ago 231 MB docker.io/centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 8 months ago 231 MB

如果想把镜像导出（保存），可使用 save 关键字对单个或多个镜像进行保存。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker save mysql centos > /root/all_images.tar

3.1.6 镜像载入（导入）

导入镜像，使用 load 关键字，并配合 -i 或 --input 输入参数进行镜像导入

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rmi mysql centos docker.io/mysql docker.io/centos [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE [root@cloudcs ~]# docker load --input /root/all_images.tar 74ddd0ec08fa: Loading layer [==================================================>] 238.6 MB/238.6 MB Loaded image: centos:latest ad6b69b54919: Loading layer [==================================================>] 72.55 MB/72.55 MB fba7b131c5c3: Loading layer [==================================================>] 338.4 kB/338.4 kB 0798f2528e83: Loading layer [==================================================>] 9.556 MB/9.556 MB a0c2a050fee2: Loading layer [==================================================>] 4.202 MB/4.202 MB d7a777f6c3a4: Loading layer [==================================================>] 2.048 kB/2.048 kB 0d17fee8db40: Loading layer [==================================================>] 53.77 MB/53.77 MB aad27784b762: Loading layer [==================================================>] 5.632 kB/5.632 kB 1d1f48e448f9: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584 kB/3.584 kB c654c2afcbba: Loading layer [==================================================>] 380.5 MB/380.5 MB 118fee5d988a: Loading layer [==================================================>] 5.632 kB/5.632 kB fc8a043a3c75: Loading layer [==================================================>] 17.92 kB/17.92 kB d67a9f3f6569: Loading layer [==================================================>] 1.536 kB/1.536 kB Loaded image: mysql:latest [root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 8 months ago 231 MB

3.2 容器操作

3.2.1 容器创建

根据现有镜像 centos，使用 run 关键字创建一个容器。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker run centos

3.2.2 容器查询

使用 ps 关键字来查询容器，默认只查询正在运行的容器，带上 -a 或 --all 参数来查询所有容器。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 5c293384cd60 centos "/bin/bash" 9 hours ago Exited (0) 9 hours ago nifty_bartik

3.2.3 容器删除

使用 rm 关键字删除容器，如果容器没有关闭，带上 -f 或 --force 强制删除。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rm -f nifty_bartik

在容器 container id 不重复的情况下，删除容器可直接指定 container id，例如

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rm -f 5 5 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS

3.2.4 容器重命名

创建容器可指定 --name 来修改容器默认名称。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker run --name os centos [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b838cfdeef48 centos "/bin/bash" 26 seconds ago Exited (0) 25 seconds ago os

3.2.5 容器生命周期

3.2.5.1 容器挂载终端

-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY

细心的你可能发现了，我们创建的容器，STATUS 状态显示为 Exited 退出的，没有正常运行。我们尝试启动容器。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker start os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b838cfdeef48 centos "/bin/bash" 26 seconds ago Exited (0) 25 seconds ago os

执行启动容器命令后，再次查看容器状态，依然是 Extied。原因是因为该容器要运行一个 COMMAND 为 /bin/bash 的 shell 进程，在 Linux 里面 shell 进程必须由终端来承载，才能实现命令行的交互，而我们创建的容器，里面的 shell 进程没有终端来承载，所以容器在创建的一瞬间，里面的 shell 进程就结束了，一旦进程结束，该容器也会结束。状态才会显示退出。接下来尝试在创建容器的时候使用 -t 或 --tty 来为其挂载一个终端。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rm -f b b [root@cloudcs ~]# docker run --tty --name os centos [root@c6e3ff261338 /]#

创建容器后，直接进入到了容器里面，但是无法执行操作，原因是因为终端有了，但没有交互功能。

3.2.5.2 容器交互

-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached

尝试在创建容器的时候使用 -i 或 --interactive 来实现终端交互。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rm -f os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker run --tty --interactive --name os centos [root@586ef21a7f5c /]# ls bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var

创建容器后，直接进入到了容器里面，可以执行命令行操作。我们尝试退出容器。

[root@586ef21a7f5c ~]# exit exit [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 586ef21a7f5c centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 8 seconds ago os

当退出容器的时候，查询容器状态，再一次显示 Exited 过期的。只不过这一次是我们主动退出的，意味着主动结束了终端承载的 shell 进程，因此容器也会随着 shell 进程的结束而自动关闭。我们可以尝试手工启动容器并进入容器。

3.2.5.3 容器启动关闭与重启

当容器状态为 Up 的时候，意味着容器启动。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker start os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 586ef21a7f5c centos "/bin/bash" 20 seconds ago Up 2 seconds [root@cloudcs ~]# docker stop os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 586ef21a7f5c centos "/bin/bash" 57 seconds ago Exited (0) 3 seconds ago os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker restart os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 586ef21a7f5c centos "/bin/bash" 2 minutes ago Up About a minute

3.2.5.4 容器附加（进入）

通过 attach 关键字进入容器。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker attach os [root@586ef21a7f5c /]# ls bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var

退出容器，再次查看状态。你会发现，该容器随着退出，又一次被关闭了。如果想再一次进入容器，只需按照 3.2.5.3 和 3.2.5.4 小节执行启动及附加命令即可。但，这样操作不觉得很麻烦吗？

[root@586ef21a7f5c /]# exit exit [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 586ef21a7f5c centos "/bin/bash" 12 minutes ago Exited (0) 9 seconds ago os

3.2.5.5 容器持续运行

默认情况下，随着容器的退出，容器会自动关闭，如何实现容器持续运行呢？可以在创建的时候添加 --restart always 关键字。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker rm -f os os [root@cloudcs ~]# docker run --tty --interactive --restart always --name os centos [root@ff14c5a6c8e1 /]# exit exit [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ff14c5a6c8e1 centos "/bin/bash" 7 seconds ago Up 1 second os

这样，创建容器后，退出容器，查看状态，显示 Up 启动。实现随时进入随时退出。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker attach os [root@ff14c5a6c8e1 /]# exit exit [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ff14c5a6c8e1 centos "/bin/bash" 3 minutes ago Up 2 seconds os

3.2.5.6 容器后端分离

-d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID

以上所有操作有个细节，就是当我们创建容器后，它会自动进入到容器里面，有时这种情况并不是我们想要的。理想状态是，当创建容器后，什么时候进入，什么时候退出，由自己来决定，这时候可以在创建容器的时候带上 -d 或 --detach 关键字让容器在后端运行。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker run --tty --interactive --detach --restart always --name os centos bdea1b934861b340305f71f6047cc46a53015a381c024ce11ab8329d6d8356ed [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES bdea1b934861 centos "/bin/bash" 6 seconds ago Up 5 seconds os

上述命令中的关键字 --tty --interactive --detach 可以合并简写为 -tid，顺序可调整

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker run -tid --restart always --name os centos b82e61388708b06816376c3ffc7faa4264949b450a103a2eeabf4e2591d55609 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b82e61388708 centos "/bin/bash" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds

3.2.5.7 容器参数变量

-e, --env list Set environment variables (default [])

对于某些镜像，在创建容器的时候，必须指定一些参数，这时候可以使用 -e 或 --env 来设置其环境变量。

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql latest 3218b38490ce 5 months ago 516 MB centos latest 5d0da3dc9764 8 months ago 231 MB [root@cloudcs ~]# docker run -tid --restart always --name os -e name=cloudcs -e age=23 centos c11fe046e5f7bf2516f29874e01d3d1520c66f646c529f5e40ee503fdd74b331 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker attach os [root@c11fe046e5f7 /]# echo $name cloudcs [root@c11fe046e5f7 /]# echo $age 23

4 综合练习（创建MySQL容器）

4.1 创建MySQL容器

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker run -tid --restart always --name db -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=cloudcs -e MYSQL_USER=cloudcs -e MYSQL_PASSWORD=cloudcs -e MYSQL_DATABASE=cloudcs mysql 02a73d281a3d96711544e126b658122ea85ad6636743751c9b39eebaa20e7057 [root@cloudcs ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 02a73d281a3d mysql "docker-entrypoint..." 12 minutes ago Up 12 minutes 3306/tcp, 33060/tcp db c11fe046e5f7 centos "/bin/bash" 22 minutes ago Up 18 minutes os

4.2 查看容器内容

获取 ip

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker inspect db "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/a59910af2579", "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null, "EndpointID": "ca58feb5034f0ac9c82c5d11dc48f466b6d85ba412429a11526737214dfb9964", "Gateway": "172.17.0.1", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.3", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:03",

4.3 登录MySQL

如果登录遇到以下错误，是因为认证方式不一致导致，数据库服务端修改认证方式即可。

[root@cloudcs ~]# mysql -u root -pcloudcs -h 172.17.0.3 ERROR 2059 (HY000): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

修改认证方式

[root@cloudcs ~]# docker exec -ti db /bin/bash root@02a73d281a3d:/# mysql -u root -pcloudcs mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> select host,user,plugin from user where user='root'; +-----------+------+-----------------------+ | host | user | plugin | +-----------+------+-----------------------+ | % | root | caching_sha2_password | | localhost | root | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------+-----------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'cloudcs'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select host,user,plugin from user where user='root'; +-----------+------+-----------------------+ | host | user | plugin | +-----------+------+-----------------------+ | % | root | mysql_native_password | | localhost | root | caching_sha2_password | +-----------+------+-----------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye root@02a73d281a3d:/# exit exit

再次登录

[root@cloudcs ~]# mysql -u root -pcloudcs -h 172.17.0.3 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 17 Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MySQL [(none)]> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | cloudcs | | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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